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Europe

Europe
Area 4.066 million mi2
Population 746.4 million (2018)

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Europe is a continent in which most castles were built. This is the location where this wiki mostly focuses on.

Europe comprises the north shore of the Mediterranean from the Dardanelles west and the entire landmass north from there to the sea. It is the Western extension of the Eurasian landmass, typicially defined on its Eastern boundary by the Ural Mountains and a boundary from their south along to the western shore of the Caspian, with a southern land border along the crest of the Caucasus out to the Black Sea, which sea is taken, like the Mediterranean, to divide Asia on the southeast from Europe on the northwest. Scandinavia is considered to be a part of Europe, though it is more usual to reach that country by crossing the North and Baltic Seas rather than by the land route through remote parts of Russia. The Britains are considered to be parts of Europe, as are most of the large islands in the Mediterranean.

At the start of the medieval period, Europe was divided mainly between a Roman, Christian southwest and a German, polytheistic northeast.

The Carolingian Imperial period (roughly the 9th century AD) marked the birth of a unified Western-European cultural sphere, with a central imperial administration based out of the Rhineland that ruled the whole of the land from Septimania to Saxony and from Brittany to Rome. This European culture would later spread to the East until it came up to the borders of Orthodox Christendom, still based out of the remnant of the Old Empire in Byzantium. Cultural Europe generally comprises both the spheres of Catholic Christendom and Orthodox Christendom through the middle ages and into the early modern period.

Spain, geographically European, was primarily part of the Islamic cultural sphere starting from AD 711. A remnant Christian state called Asturias spearheaded the movement, with help from the New Empire, to reconquer Spain. This project was not completed until AD 1492, the same year that the discovery of Cuba marked (for some historians) the end of the medieval period.

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